An overview of MIMO communications - A key to Gigabit wireless

Authors

Arogyaswami J. Paulraj, Dhananjay A. Gore, Rohit U. Nabar, and Helmut Bölcskei

Reference

Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 92, No. 2, pp. 198-218, Feb. 2004, (invited paper).

DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2003.821915

Abstract

High data rate wireless communications, nearing 1Gigabit/second (Gbps) transmission rates, is of interest in emerging Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) and home Audio/Visual (A/V) networks. Designing very high speed wireless links that offer good Quality-of-Service (QoS) and range capability in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) environments constitutes a significant research and engineering challenge. Ignoring fading in NLOS environments, we can, in principle, meet the 1Gbps data rate requirement with a single-transmit single-receive antenna wireless system if the product of bandwidth (measured in Hz) and spectral efficiency (measured in bps/Hz) is equal to 10^9. As we shall outline in this paper, a variety of cost, technology and regulatory constraints make such a brute force solution unattractive if not impossible. The use of multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver, popularly known as multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless is an emerging cost-effective technology that offers substantial leverages in making 1Gbps wireless links a reality. This paper provides an overview of MIMO wireless technology covering channel models, performance limits, coding, and transceiver design.

Keywords

MIMO, channel models, capacity, space-time coding, spatial multiplexing, receiver design, performance limits, MIMO-OFDM

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